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What process do plants use to convert sunlight into energy?

  1. Respiration

  2. Photosynthesis

  3. Transpiration

  4. Digestion

The correct answer is: Photosynthesis

Plants utilize the process of photosynthesis to convert sunlight into energy. This process occurs primarily in the chloroplasts of plant cells, where chlorophyll captures light energy from the sun. During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil. Using the energy from sunlight, they transform these inputs into glucose, a form of sugar that serves as a vital energy source for the plant. As a byproduct of this reaction, oxygen is released into the atmosphere, which is crucial for the survival of most living organisms on Earth. Photosynthesis is essential not only for plant life but also for life on Earth as a whole, as it forms the foundation of the food chain and maintains the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.